In both groups, Physician’s Global Evaluation scores increased, with 69–89% of patients satisfied with their treatment overall. In a propensity score-matched set (Tio/Olo, n = 121 TT, n = 121), improvement in mMRC score was similar in patients on Tio/Olo (–0.23 95% confidence interval –0.11, –0.36) and TT (–0.25 95% CI –0.13, –0.38). The safety set contained 463 patients (Tio/Olo, n = 329 TT, n = 134). ![]() Primary endpoints were change in modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) and COPD Assessment Test™ (CAT™) scores after 12 weeks. Patients with symptomatic COPD at low exacerbation risk (GOLD B) were switched, at their physicians’ discretion, from LABA/ICS to either fixed-dose LAMA/LABA (tiotropium/olodaterol, Respimat ® ) or fixed or free TT. EVELUT ®, a real-life, observational study, compared these two treatment strategies in terms of symptom relief and health status improvement. In patients treated with LABA/ICS, who continue to experience symptoms without frequent or severe exacerbations, GOLD now recommends switching to long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)/LABA instead of escalating to triple therapy (TT LAMA/LABA/ICS), which previously was also a recommended option. The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD 2023) no longer recommends a long-acting β 2-agonist (LABA) plus inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) combination for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
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